What is a Cyst?

Cyst

What is a Cyst?

A cyst is a closed sac, having a distinct membrane and division (with outer wall called capsule) on the nearby tissue. It may contain air, fluids, or semi-solid material. Cysts may be small and visible only under a microscope, or they may grow to a very large size and displace normal body structures. Once formed, a cyst could go away on its own or may have to be removed through surgery.

What is the Difference Between Cyst and Cancer?

Most cysts in the body are benign (dysfunctional) tumors, the result of plugged ducts or other natural body outlets for secretions. Benign tumors do not grow uncontrollably, do not invade neighbouring tissues, and do not spread throughout the body. However sometimes these masses are considered neoplasm. Neoplasms may be benign, pre-malignant (carcinoma in situ) or malignant (cancer).

Cancer , known medically as a malignant neoplasm, all involving unregulated cell growth. In cancer, cells divide and grow uncontrollably, forming malignant tumors, and invade nearby parts of the body. Important fact to remember: "Not all tumors are cancerous." 

What is a Tumor?

To make it easy to understand, tumour/tumor is a latin word that means "swelling". In its medical sense it has traditionally meant an abnormal swelling of the flesh.

Cysts occur commonly in numerous tissues and organs and are often named according to their particular anatomic location (for example ovarian cysts, bladder cysts, breast cysts, liver cysts, kidney cysts, pancreatic cysts, vaginal cysts, skin cysts, thyroid cysts).

Certain types of cysts also have special designations and nomenclature. Examples of these include:

• Ganglion cyst: a cyst around a tendon, most commonly occurring at the wrist
• Baker's cyst: a cyst containing joint fluid that is located in popliteal space behind the knee
• Bartholin's cyst: cystic enlargement of small glands near the vaginal opening
• Nabothian cyst: a mucus-filled cyst on the surface of the uterine cervix
• Pilonidal cysts: cysts that arise in the soft tissue at the base of the tailbone (coccyx) of the lower back, just above the natal cleft (the cleavage between the buttocks)
• Dermoid cyst: a type of benign tumor of the ovary that contains multiple cystic spaces and various tissue types

Cyst Causes

Cysts can arise through a variety of processes in the body, including "wear and tear" or simple obstructions to the flow of fluid, infections, tumors, chronic inflammatory conditions, genetic (inherited) conditions, defects in developing organs in the embryo.

Most cysts arise due to the types of conditions listed above and are only preventable to the extent that the underlying cause is preventable.

Facts About Cyst

• Small cysts or cysts in internal structures of the body may not produce symptoms. 
• Cysts in the skin or in tissues just beneath the skin may be recognized as painless lumps or bumps. 
• Cysts which can be felt may be hard or soft. 
• Sometimes it is possible to notice an increase in size of a cyst while in other cases, the size will remain constant. 
• It is often not possible to distinguish a cyst from some other cause of tissue swelling simply by physical examination.
• If cysts arise due to a serious infection, tumor, or chronic disease, the symptoms depend on the location, type, and extent of the disease.

Cyst Detection

Cysts of internal organs such as the kidneys or liver may not be detected by the affected individual. These cysts often are first discovered by imaging studies (X-ray, ultrasound, computerized tomography or CT scan, and magnetic resonance imaging or MRI) sometimes performed for other reasons.

Surgery

Cysts that are very large and result in symptoms due to their size may be surgically removed. Sometimes the fluid contained within a cyst can be drained, or aspirated, by inserting a needle or catheter into the cyst cavity, resulting in collapse of the cyst. Imaging such as ultrasound or CT scanning may be used for guidance in draining (aspirating) cyst contents.

If there is any suspicion that a cyst is cancerous, the cyst may be removed by surgery, or a biopsy is taken of the cyst wall (capsule) to rule out malignancy. Depending upon the size and location of the cyst, this may be performed in a doctor's office, outpatient surgery center, or hospital operating room.

In certain cases, aspirated fluid from a cyst is examined under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present in the cyst.

Cyst and Glutathione

Cyst is nothing as compared to Cancer, we know already that it is more likely a benign tumor (swelling/growth). We have learned from our past article Cancer and Glutathione and Cancer is a Symptom how glutathione helps our body to make cells go back to its normal condition. Cyst can be avoided if we will help our body produce enough endogenous antioxidant Glutathione to remove toxins and reduce swelling or inflammation. Cyst and all other causes of cyst can be prevented if we have enough level of intracellular Glutathione to make our DNA and Cells healthy.


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